
Invisible Changes
But many of the issues of aging are not visible to the eye.
Bone density and muscle strength decrease, as does our reaction time, Palmer said. The lenses of our eyes become more dense and less elastic, which makes it harder for our eyes to change focus quickly. That is where bifocals come in.
As men and women lose hormones that affect the immune system, including testosterone and estrogen, their ability to fight infection decreases, they are sick more often, and they take longer to recover from illnesses.
The gastrointestinal system slows down when we get old, Palmer said. "When you talk to old people, everyone focuses on their bowels." With age comes increased risk of hernias, reflux and constipation. We don't taste food, smell odors or sleep as well when we get old.
And then there's that brain thing. The size of the brain shrinks, Palmer said, and the blood flow to the brain can be decreased by hardening of the arteries. Therefore we don't think or reason as well.
When it comes to aging, Celestino said, we can't change our genes, "at least not now." What we can do is avoid the sun and cigarettes, exercise regularly, eat smart, maintain a good body weight and get enough sleep
And grow old gracefully.
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