Each time we squeeze, squirt, pump or pour alcohol-based hand sanitizers, we assume they’re killing dangerous bacteria and keeping us safe from germs. That must be why Americans spend $117 million on them every year. But how effective are hand sanitizers – really? Well, now is a good time to come clean!
First of all, hand sanitizers are only 40 percent effective and may last for as little two minutes. In addition, experts say they don’t necessarily work as well as soap and water. Mostly it depends on the kind and amount of germs the hand sanitizer is supposed to kill. The general rule of thumb is this: the longer it's been since you've washed with soap and water, the less effective a hand sanitizer is likely to be.
Plus, proteinaceous and fatty materials (both commonly found in most kitchens) are especially resistant to alcohol-based gels. There are a few key germs that alcohol doesn't kill well, such as E. coli, which is why washing with soap and water is best during cooking. The Centers for Disease Control that set the original guidelines stating hand sanitizers were an effective alternative to hand washing, intended them to be used in health-care settings, where doctors and nurses wash their hands several times an hour.
Also, although alcohol-based gels can kill bacteria, they won’t necessarily clean your hands. They won’t remove dirt, which includes organic material such as blood or feces. Soap and water must be the first choice in restrooms.
But these alcohol-based sanitizers are effective when it comes to preventing the spread of the seasonal flu, H1N1, colds and other viral- and bacterial-based diseases. And people seem to use hand sanitizers more often than washing their hands. That’s probably why studies have shown how hand sanitizers curb absentee rates in schools and workplaces. Fast evaporation, coupled with moisturizers, also means hand sanitizers won't dry out your skin.
As a guideline, you can assume that alcohol-based hand sanitizers are best where you see them the most -- in hallways, offices and health center setting. They’ll get rid of the germs you just picked up before you get a chance to inadvertently put them into your body by touching your nose, mouth or eyes.
But be suspicious of the really cheap stuff. Hand sanitizers must contain at least 60 percent alcohol. Some cheaper brands contain less and are no better than plain water.
Robin Westen is ThirdAge’s medical reporter. Check for her daily updates.
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