Orthostatic Hypotension Causes
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Causes of Orthostatic Hypotension
Orthostatic hypotension has several causes.
- Hypovolemia is the most common cause. It may be due to:
- Excessive use of loop diuretic medications ( furosemide , bumetanide , ethacrynic acid )
- Vasodilator medications (nitrate preparations, Ca blockers, or ACE inhibitors)
- Dehydration
- Prolonged bedrest
- Addison's Disease (with inadequate salt intake)
- Impaired autonomic (nerve) reflex due to certain diseases:
- Diabetes
- Pernicious Anemia
- Amyloidosis
- Guillain-Barré Syndrome
- Riley-Day syndrome
- Shy-Drager Syndrome
- Decreased heart muscle contractility or vascular responsiveness
- Certain drugs:
- Monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors ( isocarboxazid , phenelzine , tranylcypromine )
- Tricyclic antidepressants ( nortriptyline , amitriptyline , desipramine , imipramine , protriptyline )
- Tetracyclic antidepressants
- Phenothiazine antipsychotic drugs ( chlorpromazine , promazine, thioridazine )
- Atypical antipsychotics (eg, Seroquel )
- Quinidine
- Levodopa
- Barbiturates
- Alcohol
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