Extra Sugar Blamed for More Health Problems

Sweet hearts might not be so sweet. Recently published data suggests a direct link between the excessive intake of added sugars and heart disease, specifically increased blood pressure and triglycerides. Based on this data, the American Heart Association has recommended that Americans cut their intake of added sugars -- those sugars and syrups added to foods during processing or preparation, or added at the table. Overconsumption of sugar also plays a part in the increased prevalence of metabolic syndrome, a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors that affects an estimated one-quarter of American adults, according to the heart association. And added sugars in the diet have been linked to increased weight gain, lower nutrient intake and high cholesterol levels -- all risk factors for heart disease. The Heart Association recommends that most American women should consume no more than 100 calories (about 6 teaspoons) of added sugars a day, and most men no more than 150 calories (about 9 teaspoons). A 12-ounce can of regular soda contains about 130 calories and 8 teaspoons of sugar. (The average intake of added sugars for Americans had climbed to 22.2 teaspoons a day -- 355 calories -- by the middle of this decade.) Soft drinks and other sugar-sweetened beverages are the No. 1 source of added sugars in the American diet, according to the heart association.

Missy Dunnahoo, a registered dietitian at Parkview Medical Center who works with cardiac patients, says part of the problem is "We don't know when enough is enough. Soft drinks went from 12 ounces to 18 to 24, and now it's possible to get 32 or even 64 ounces."

Drinks like Gatorade, SoBe beverages, lattes and cappuccinos from a favorite coffeehouse all are contributing extra sugar to Americans' diets, Dunnahoo says. Even orange juice -- a portion size is 1/2 cup -- can be troublesome when drunk in large quantities.

"I tell people they're basically flushing their money down the toilet and adding calories to their hips," she says.

People are surprised to hear this message "because advertising says we need 'more.' It would be better if we got more from whole fruits and vegetables."

Dunnahoo discusses product-label reading with the patients she counsels, and says the ingredient listing is the important part for sugars. Manufacturers aren't required to distinguish between naturally occurring sugars and added sugars on their product labels, but if sugar is the second or third ingredient listed, it's a sweet product. Colorado State University Extension sounded the alert last spring about the link between consuming sweetened beverages and increased risk of heart disease in women. Its online Healthy Heart Beats column cited Boston-based researchers who, over a 24-year period, evaluated data from more than 88,000 women in the Nurses' Health Study and found that consuming two or more servings of sugar-sweetened beverages per day was associated with a 35 percent increase in the risk of coronary heart disease -- even after other risk factors for the disease or an unhealthful diet or lifestyle were accounted for. The women were free of coronary heart disease, stroke or diabetes at the start of the study in 1980.

Artificially sweetened beverages weren't associated with the heart-disease risk.

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