Suicide Rates Higher in Happy Places

CHINESE OBESITY IN BEIJING
A Chinese woman stops at a magazine stand adorned with a poster showing an obese woman proclaiming the positive benefits of ice cream, happiness, in downtown Beijing, China on April 15, 2007. Chinese doctors warn obesity could become the countrys biggest health threat as more and more people suffer weight problems. (UPI Photo/Stephen Shaver)

Suicide rates tend to be higher in happier places, according to a new study detailed in Science Daily.

The study, entitled "Dark Contrasts: The Paradox of High Rates of Suicide in Happy Places,” draws on research from the UK and the US, showing that the countries and US states where people report a high degree of happiness and satisfaction also post some of the largest suicide numbers.

Science Daily reports that this seemingly contradictory fact has been observed by sociologists in the past, especially with regards to the country of Denmark. Researchers for the new study found that countries displaying relatively high rates of happiness, such as Canada, the US, Iceland, Ireland, and Switzerland, have higher suicide rates. The researchers note, however, that the numbers they found are only suggestive, since the variation in cultures and in suicide-reporting conventions may have affected the data.

When comparing states within the US, where cultural and legal matters are mostly homogeneous, the researchers found the same result. Those states in which people generally reported being very satisfied with their lives had higher suicide rates. For example, Utah ranks first in life-satisfaction but 9th in suicide rate. New York, on the other hand, had the lowest suicide rate and ranked 45th in life satisfaction.

What possible reasons could there be for this counterintuitive link? UK researcher Andrew Oswald says a likely cause is the tendency of people to compare themselves with one another. "Discontented people in a happy place may feel particularly harshly treated by life. Those dark contrasts may in turn increase the risk of suicide,” he said. “If humans are subject to mood swings, the lows of life may thus be most tolerable in an environment in which other humans are unhappy." Stephen Wu, of the US contingent of the research team, added, "This result is consistent with other research that shows that people judge their well-being in comparison to others around them. These types of comparison effects have also been shown with regards to income, unemployment, crime, and obesity." 
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