The Most Popular Supplements: Do They Work?

Flaxseed oil
Source: Flaxseed, also known as linseed.
Health claim: Usually as a laxative. Also for hot flashes and breast pain, high cholesterol, cancer prevention.
Does it work? Flaxseed contains soluble fiber and is an effective laxative. Its effectiveness at preventing heart disease and cancer are unproven. Study results are mixed on whether flaxseed might reduce hot flashes.
Side effects: Flaxseed should be taken with plenty of water or it may worsen constipation or, in rare cases, even cause intestinal blockage. Flaxseed may lower your ability to absorb oral medications. Flaxseed should not be taken at the same time as other medications or supplements.
Source material: National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine.
Ginseng
Source: Root of Asian or American ginseng, an herb native to Korea and China. It is used in tablets, capsules, extracts, teas, as well as creams. (Siberian ginseng or eleuthero is not a true ginseng.)
Health claim: Immune system booster, improvement of stamina, physical and mental performance; lowering blood sugar and blood pressure.
Does it work? There is no convincing evidence ginseng works for anything. One study suggested it helped cancer patients relieve fatigue, but doctors said it was too soon to recommend it; also, the ginseng used in the study was powdered American ginseng root whose purity was verified by the scientists. Some studies suggest ginseng may lower blood sugar.
Side effects: Usually none. Most common are headaches and sleep and gastrointestinal problems; some reports of breast tenderness, menstrual irregularities, and high blood pressure, but these products were not analyzed, so effects may have been due to another herb or drug in the product.
Ginseng may lower levels of blood sugar, so diabetics should be extra cautious, especially for interactions with medications or other herbs.
Source material: National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine, American Society of Clinical Oncology.
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