Many people who receive treatment for cancer know that there is a risk for the cancer to return. But for men who undergo treatment for prostate cancer, the risk of recurrence is significantly increased with weight gain and continued smoking, according to two recent studies.
The American Association for Cancer 
The first study, conducted by Dr. Jing Ma of Brigham and Women's Hospital, followed 2,700 men diagnosed with prostate cancer. During the course of the 27 year study, 11 percent of participants died from their cancer. Researchers found that smokers increased their risk of fatality by 55 percent and that overweight and obese men increased their risk of fatality by 52 percent for every five-point increase in their BMI (Body Mass Index) score. The numbers represent a significantly increased risk for fatality.
The second study, conducted by Dr. Corinne Joshu of Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, found similar relationships between weight gain and fatality. Dr. Joshu's study followed 1,300 men who had had their prostate removed between 1993 and 2006. The study ended in 2008, and 102 participants had a recurrence of cancer during the time of study. Dr. Joshu's study found that men who had gained just five or more pounds within one year of their surgery were twice as likely to see cancer return as men who maintained or lost weight.
Though the numbers are startling, researchers are optimistic that the results can be used in more effective treatment and prevention of prostate cancer recurrence and fatality. Dr. Joshu remarks, "By avoiding obesity and weight gain, men with prostate cancer may be able to both prevent recurrence [and] improve their overall well-being."
