The Sleep-Weight Connection

Light sleepers are more likely to end up overweight, research has shown.

But, surprisingly, the same study found that overweight people who had difficulty sleeping were extra-active in the daytime.

Scientists believe poor sleep and stress may result in a lack of organization, leading to more last-minute "rushing about" to get things done. This in turn could contribute to stress-eating.

Researchers in the U.S. analyzed the sleep activity and energy expenditure of 14 volunteer nurses at the Walter Reed Army Medical Centre in Washington DC.

Each participant wore an arm band that measured movement, temperature, body position and other indicators of activity and rest.

Those identified as "short sleepers" had an average body mass index (BMI) of 28.3 compared with 24.5 for "long sleepers".

BMI is a widely used measurement that links weight and height. People with a BMI of 30 or above are said to be clinically obese. "Normal" is defined as 18.5 to 24.9, and "overweight" 25 to 29.9.

The study found that short sleepers were, on average, verging on obese while long sleepers were at the upper end of the normal range.

Short sleepers tended to have greater difficulty getting to sleep and staying asleep.

One unexpected finding was that overweight individuals tended to be more active than their normal counterparts. They took almost 25 percent more steps and used up nearly 1,000 more calories per day than than people of normal weight. However, the extra energy expenditure did not result in weight loss. Chief investigator Dr. Arn Eliasson said: "We found so many interesting links in our data. It opens up a number of possibilities for future investigation. Primarily, we want to know what is driving the weight differences, and why sleep and weight appear to be connected." He suggested that getting too little sleep might disrupt natural hormonal balances. This, for example, could reduce levels of the "hunger hormone" leptin, causing people to eat more. Stress may also play a role in both reducing the length and quality of sleep and increasing eating and other weight gain behaviors, the researchers believe.
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